In This Section
Procedure Standards
The procedure standards help to identify those elements of the procedure that are most important in obtaining a high-quality examination, while simultaneously controlling costs. Use of procedure standards will increase the applicability of clinical research among multiple institutions, in turn, increasing the value of research studies, particularly in the field of technology assessment. In the interest of creating strong, comprehensive documents, some standards were formally adopted by SNMMI in collaboration with other professional organizations.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) Practice Guidelines were renamed Procedure Standards in February 2014. This change was initiated in an effort to better reflect the terminology being used by external organizations. Any previous Practice Guideline or Procedure Guideline that describes how to perform a procedure is now considered an SNMMI Procedure Standard.
To view a section of SNMMI's Procedure Standards, please click the link(s) below:
Comments or Questions?
The SNMMI Committee on Procedure Standards is continually developing new standards and reviewing and updating existing procedure standards. If you have specific comments or questions on the content of any of the standards, or if you have suggestions for new standards that you feel should be written, please contact the SNMMI Committee on Procedure Standards here. All comments will be considered in the procedure standards development process.
Procedure Standards Available for Public Comment |
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Comments Due ByOctober 6, 2022 |
Document TitleInternational EANM-SNMMI-ISMRM - Consensus Recommendation for PET/MRI in Oncology |
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October 7, 2022 |
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As part of the revision or development process, the SNMMI Committee on Procedure Standards will seek public comment on draft documents in order to ensure we are creating the most accurate guidelines. Please submit comments to quality@snmmi.org. Below are guidelines currently for which we are seeking public input: |
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Recently Approved Procedure Standards |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| April 30, 2022 | |
| April 30, 2022 | SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline for SSTR Receptor PET: Imaging Neuroendocrine Tumors |
| February 8, 2022 | Joint EANM/SNMMI/ANZSNM Practice Guidelines/Procedure Standards on Recommended Use of [18F]FDG PET/CT Imaging During Immunomodulatory Treatments in Patients with Solid Tumors Ver. 1.0 |
| January 28, 2022 | SNMMI Procedure Standard / EANM Practice Guideline for Molecular Breast Imaging with Dedicated Gamma-Cameras |
| January 28, 2022 | SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline for Nuclear Medicine Evaluation and Therapy of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer |
| January 28, 2022 | Joint EANM/SIOPE/RAPNO Practice Guidelines/SNMMI Procedure Standards for Imaging of Paediatric Gliomas Using PET with Radiolabelled Amino Acids and [18F]-FDG: Version 1.0. |
Click Here to View Consensus Guidelines and Position Statements |
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Procedure Standards Under Development |
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| EANM Practice Guideline/SNMMI Procedure Standard for PET/MR | |
| EANM Practice Guideline/SNMMI Procedure Standard for Benign Thyroid Disease | |
| EANM Practice Guideline/SNMMI Procedure Standard for Radiomics | |
| EANM Practice Guideline/SNMMI Procedure Standard for 177Lu-PSMA-RLT | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard for Breast Scintigraphy with Breast-Specific Gamma Cameras 1.0 | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard for In-111 Leucocyte Scintigraphy for Suspected Infection/Inflammation | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard for Tc-99m HMPAO-Labeled Leucocyte Scintigraphy for Suspected Infection/Inflammation | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard for Palliative Treatment of Painful Bone Metastases | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline for SSTR-PET (including 64Cu-DOTATATE and 111In) | |
| SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline for Fluoroestradiol F18 | |
Cardiovascular System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| March 29, 2020 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Gated Equilibrium Radionuclide Ventriculography |
| November 15, 2012 | ASNC-SCCT-SNMMI Guideline for Cardiac SPECT/CT and PET/CT 1.0 |
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October 1, 2009 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Cardiac Scintigraphy |
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June 14, 2008 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging 3.3 |
Endocrine System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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January 25, 2020 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Scintigraphy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, V4.0 |
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June 22, 2019 |
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March 30, 2019 |
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September 17, 2011 |
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| October 1, 2009 | ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Parathyroid Scintigraphy |
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October 1, 2009 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Thyroid Scintigraphy and Uptake Measurements |
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September 5, 2006 |
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Gastrointestinal System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| November 17, 2014 | SNMMI Procedure Standard-EANM Practice Guideline Gastrointestinal Bleeding Scintigraphy 2.0 |
| June 5, 2014 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard-EANM Practice Guideline for Meckel Diverticulum Scintigraphy 2.0 - Original Article - Article Erratum |
| September 29, 2013 | The SNMMI and EANM Practice Guideline for Small-Bowel and Colon Transit 1.0* |
| October 1, 2010 | ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for Performance of Gastrointestinal Scintigraphy |
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October 1, 2010 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Liver and Spleen Scintigraphy |
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June 4, 2010 |
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February 8, 2009 |
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Genitourinary System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| May 6, 2020 | |
| September 28, 2019 | |
| June 21, 2018 |
The SNMMI and EANM Practice Guideline for Renal Scintigraphy in Adults |
| June 22, 2018 |
The SNMMI and EANM Procedural Guidelines for Diuresis Renography in Infants and Children |
| January 27, 2018 | |
| October 1, 2010 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Adult and Pediatric Radionuclide Cystography |
| June 20, 2003 | |
General |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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November 25, 2013 |
EANM Practice Guideline-SNMMI Procedure Standard for Tele-Nuclear Medicine 2.0 |
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June 8, 2012 |
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October 1, 2011 |
ACR-SNMMI Technical Standard for Diagnostic Procedures Using Radiopharmaceuticals |
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September 12, 2010 |
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June 1, 2007 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Use of Radiopharmaceuticals 4.0 |
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April 30, 2006 |
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Infection and Inflammation |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| January 27, 2018 | FDG-PET/CT(A) Imaging in Large Vessel Vasculitis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: Joint Procedural Recommendation of the EANM, SNMMI, PET Interest Group, and endorsed by ASNC |
| November 15, 2012 | EANM Practice Guideline-SNMMI Procedure Standard for 18F-FDG Use in Inflammation and Infection |
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October 1, 2009 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Scintigraphy for Inflammation or Infection |
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June 2, 2004 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Gallium Scintigraphy in Inflammation 3.0 |
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June 2, 2004 |
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June 2, 2004 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for 111In-Leukocyte Scintigraphy for Suspected Infection/Inflammation 3.0 |
Skeletal System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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June 21, 2018 |
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June 4, 2010 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Sodium 18F-Fluoride with PET/CT Bone Scans 1.1 – EANM Endorsement |
Central Nervous System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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January 25, 2020 |
EANM Practice Guideline/SNMMI Procedure Standard for Dopaminergic Imaging in Parkinsonian Syndromes |
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January 30, 2016 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard-EANM Practice Guideline for Amyloid PET Imaging of the Brain |
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June 8, 2012 |
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October 26, 2011 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Dopamine Transporter Imaging with 123I-Ioflupane SPECT 1.0 |
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February 8, 2009 |
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February 8, 2009 |
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Oncology |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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September 14, 2021 |
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September 22, 2018 |
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June 22, 2018 |
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March 10, 2017 |
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT: Joint EANM and SNMMI procedure guideline for prostate cancer imaging: version 1.0 |
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July 7, 2015 |
EANM practice guidelines for lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma – SNMMI Endorsement |
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February 7, 2014 |
Lymphoscintigraphy and Sentinel Node Localization in Gynecological Cancers – SNMMI Endorsement |
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September 29, 2013 |
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September 22, 2012 |
131I/123I- Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy: procedure guidelines for tumour imaging – SNMMI Endorsement** |
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July 19, 2011 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy 2.0 |
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June 4, 2010 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Breast Scintigraphy with Breast-Specific Gamma Cameras 1.0 – EANM Endorsement |
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February 11, 2006 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Tumor Imaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT 1.0 |
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June 2, 2004 |
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Pediatric |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| May 24, 2021 | SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline on Pediatric [99mTc]Tc-DMSA Renal Cortical Scintigraphy: An Update |
| March 29, 2020 | SNMMI Procedure Standard/EANM Practice Guideline on Pediatric [18F]FDG PET-CT for Oncology 1.0 (New) |
| October 28, 2013 | Pediatric Radiopharmaceutical Administration: Harmonization |
| October 26, 2010 | SNMMI Procedure Standard for Pediatric Dose Consensus Guidelines |
| *Based on the findings of a survey conducted at 13 premier pediatric hospitals in North America indicating administered radiopharmaceutical activities in children varied greatly, a workgroup was established representing the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) through the Pediatric Council, the Society for Pediatric Radiology and the Amercian College of Radiology (ACR). The Workgroup achieved concensus on pediatric administered radiopharmaceutical doses for 11 commonly used radiopharmaceuticals. | |
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October 1, 2010 |
ACR-SNMMI-SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Adult and Pediatric Radionuclide Cystography |
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October 1, 2009 |
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January 25, 2003 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Pediatric Sedation in Nuclear Medicine 3.0 |
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January 25, 2003 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Radionuclide Cystography in Children 3.0 |
Pulmonary System |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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July 19, 2011 |
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October 1, 2009 |
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Therapy |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
| August 4, 2019 |
ACR-ACNM-ASTRO-SNMMI Practice Parameter for the Performance of Therapy with Radium-223 |
| January 18, 2019 | |
| January 25, 2013 | |
| June 8, 2012 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Therapy of Thyroid Disease with 131I (Sodium Iodide) 3.0 |
| March 20, 2012 | Radioimmunotherapy for B-cell lymphoma with 90Y-radiolabelled itribumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) – SNMMI Endorsement** |
| * Pretherapeutic imaging with 111In-ibritumomab tiuxetan is no longer mandatory in the United States. | |
| January 25, 2003 | SNMMI Procedure Standard for Palliative Treatment for Painful Bone Metastases 3.0 |
**Regulatory Issues for EANM GuidelinesApplicable to all countries: Clinicians involved in unsealed source therapy must be knowledgeable about and compliant with all applicable national and local legislation and regulations. Applicable in the United States: The radiopharmaceutical(s) used for the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure(s) addressed in this guideline/guidance document is/are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)in the United States. Therefore in the United States, these procedures should be performed only by physicians holding an FDA-approved Investigational New Drug (IND) application for the radiopharmaceutical. |
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Retired Procedure Standards |
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Please note the below procedure standards have been retired and thus not updated since their last approval. Therefore, these standards may not reflect current knowledge and practice in the field of nuclear medicine. SNMMI is providing these procedures on an 'as is' basis for general information purposes only and does not accept any responsibility for accuracy, completeness, currency, relevance, reliability or suitability of the information contained therein. |
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Date Approved |
Document Title |
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June 20, 2003 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Hepatic and Splenic Imaging 3.0 |
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June 23, 2001 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Gallium Scintigraphy in the Evaluation of Malignant Disease 3.0 |
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February 7, 1999 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Tumor Imaging Using F-18 FDG 2.0 |
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February 7, 1999 |
SNMMI Procedure Standard for Gastrointestinal Bleeding/Meckel's Diverticulum Scintigraphy 1.0 |
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Feedback
Please let us know if you have any suggestions for future topics for AUC development, or any feedback on the existing publications by contacting us at quality@snmmi.org.